不同氮肥用量对水稻黄华占产量及主要经济性状的影响

为充分发挥水稻黄华占高产高效潜力,本试验研究了不同氮肥用量对黄华占产量及产量构成因素的影响,结果表明:黄华占纯氮用量以180kg/hm2为宜,在土壤肥力水平较高地区种植,纯氮用量应酌减,但一般不宜低于150kg/hm2,且经济效益较高。     

《木制品装饰工艺》课程教学改革

文章通过阐述《木制品装饰工艺》课程在木材加工专业中的重要性,提出了木制品装饰工艺课程教学改革方法。通过各种实践训练方法,使学生能合理使用完成木制品装饰的工艺设计和设备操作,提高了教学效果。     

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Gene Involved in Fatty Acid Synthesis in Brassica napus L.

Based on the sequence of a novel expressed sequence tag (EST), the full-length cDNA of 1 017 nucleotides was cloned from Brassica napus cv. Xiangyou 15 through rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The gene was designated as Bnhol34 (HQ585980), encoding a protein of 338 amino acids. BLAST analysis showed no high degree of sequence identity to any known gene. The calculated molecular weight of the Bnhol34 protein was 36.23 kDa, and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.74. The Bnhol34 was also cloned from a high oleic acid mutant 854-1 through homologous cloning. There was no difference between the two Bnhol34 genes. Bnhol34 was localized in a tissue-specific manner in B. napus, and its expression level was about eight-fold greater in Xiangyou 15 seeds than in 854-1. The promoter region sequences of Bnhol34 were then isolated from Xiangyou 15 and 854-1, and a 93-bp deletion was found to occur in the Bnhol34 promoter region of 854-1. Three abscisic acid-responsive cis-elements (ABRE) were identified in the promoter region of Xiangyou 15. Real-time PCR analyses revealed that exogenous abscisic acid increased Bnhol34 expression by about four-fold in Xiangyou 15 seeds, yet did not change Bnhol34 expression in 854-1. It appeared that Bnhol34 might be abscisic acid insensitive in 854-1.     

Exogenous Nitric Oxide Involved in Subcellular Distribution and Chemical Forms of Cu~（2＋） Under Copper Stress in Tomato Seedlings

Nitric oxide（NO）,a bioactive signaling molecule,serves as an antioxidant and anti-stress agent under abiotic stress.A hydroponics experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside（SNP）,a NO donor,on tomato seedlings exposed to 50 μmol L-1CuCl 2.The results show that copper is primarily stored in the soluble cell sap fraction in the roots,especially after treatment with Cu＋SNP treatment,which accounted for 66.2% of the total copper content.The copper concentration gradually decreased from the roots to the leaves.In the leaves,exogenous NO induces the storage of excess copper in the cell walls.Copper stress decreases the proportion of copper integrated with pectates and proteins,but exogenous NO remarkably reverses this trend.The alleviating effect of NO is blocked by hemoglobin.Thus,exogenous NO is likely involved in the regulation of the subcellular copper concentrations and its chemical forms under copper stress.Although exogenous NO inhibited the absorption and transport of excess copper to some extent,the copper accumulation in tomato seedlings significantly increased under copper stress.The use of exogenous NO to enhance copper tolerance in some plants is a promising method for copper remediation.     

海陆回交群体棉花纤维品质性状的主成分分析

应用DPS统计软件,对棉花纤维海陆高代回交构建得到的群体BC4F2的9个数量性状进行了变异系数、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,群体内纤维品质性状以短纤维和马克隆值的变异系数最大;9个数量性状都呈正态分布,适合数量性状的遗传分析;前3个主成分的累积贡献率达83.21%,根据各性状对主成分影响作用大小及主要指标组合,将9个生物学性状分为3类,分别称之为商用因子、成熟因子和综合因子。根据聚类分析结果,将9个数量性状聚为3大类,分别为纺纱因子、分类因子和成熟因子。3种分析共同揭示了这几类因子对棉花纤维性状的作用。     

牛游离脂肪酸受体1基因研究

ffar-1在胰腺组织和神经系统中均有着重要作用,但其作用机制,尤其是在神经系统中的机制仍不清楚.以牛ffar-1基因为研究对象,通过生物信息学预测并分析该基因的核心启动子区域,利用5'RACR技术扩增牛ffar-1基因mRNA 5'UTR区域,同时构建牛ffar-1基因真核表达载体并在真核细胞中进行表达.生物信息学分析表明,牛ffar-1基因核心启动子属于TATA-less,Int-DPE类型；5'RACE结果将牛ffar-1基因mRNA序列向上游推进了726 bp;成功构建了牛ffar-1真核表达载体pIRES-EGFP-bffar-1,并在真核细胞中进行了表达.从启动子序列、mRNA 5'UTR及真核细胞表达3个方面对牛ffar-1基因进行了初步研究,为该基因功能及调控的相关研究提供理论和试验依据.     

浒苔和江蓠增强仙居鸡抗性的研究

对仙居鸡食用添加浒苔和江蓠的饲料后,血脂、抗氧化活物质的变化进行了研究.结果显示:江蓠、浒苔组降低总胆固醇(TC)效果显著,江蓠组优于浒苔组.江蓠、浒苔组降低甘油三酯(TG),江蓠优于浒苔.但浒苔组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)含量显著优于江蓠,高于对照组近70%.两种海藻粉对SOD含量的影响相近,对MDA指标降低更为明显,差异极显著,70日龄饲喂浒苔组含量最低,与对照组相比降低37.5%.综合上述结果发现,10日龄添加组与70日龄组之间差异不大,说明海藻粉对血清抗氧化指标的影响周期较短.     

提高西藏大于零度年积温3000°C以上农区水热资源利用率探讨

西藏农区大于零度年积温3000° C以上的耕地面积约有6～7万公顷，每年只能种一季农作物，尤其是早熟的冬青稞和冬小麦在6月下旬成熟收获，此时才开始雨季，7、8、9三个月及10月的上半个月的水热资源没有利用。通过几年试验证明，在大于零度年积温3000度以上的农区耕地进行早熟粮食作物与经济作物套种、复种是可行的，不仅直接提高水、热、耕地资源利用率，提高种植指数，而且调整了农牧业种植结构，可作为用地养地、经济、社会、生态良性循环的新模式，发挥较好的经济、生态、社会效益。     

沼液在水稻秧苗培育中的应用

研究了不同浓度沼液对杂交水稻种子浸种和秧苗培育的影响,结果表明,使用沼液比重在1.002-1.005g/cm3,对杂交稻种子发芽率、成秧率和秧苗生长质量都有良好的促进作用,同清水对照相比,其发芽率、成秧率和秧苗生长质量各项指标都达到显著或极显著,但使用超过比重为1.009g/cm3时都有明显的抑制作用,发芽率降低,秧苗生长不均匀。     

用无菌苗法鉴定油菜对菌核病的抗(耐)病性

快速、准确、有效的抗病性鉴定方法是抗病育种的基础和保障.目前,国内外鉴定油菜菌核病的抗(耐)病性的方法归纳起来主要有草酸鉴定法、人工气候室盆栽苗接种鉴定、大田成株期人工辅助接种鉴定和大田病圃或非病圃自然侵染鉴定法等.草酸鉴定法对鉴定材料的破坏性大,育种中应用仅供筛选抗草酸的单株或材料,且不能鉴定抗菌核病菌侵入的材料.人工气候室盆栽苗接种鉴定受空间或成本的限制,难以用于大量的筛选工作,大田成株期人工辅助接种鉴定和大田自然侵染鉴定既受季节的限制,也受环境因素的影响.因此,探寻更高效、准确的抗(耐)病性鉴定方法,仍是抗病育种的迫切需要.本文介绍了一种准确、快速、高效的鉴定新方法.